Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Aluminium vs Silicon

Compare Aluminium and Silicon on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Aluminium vs Silicon with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Al vs Si on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. Aluminium and Silicon comparison table on more than 90 properties.

Aluminium and Silicon Comparison

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1
1
H
Hydrogen
1.008

Atomic #

Electronic Shell #

Symbol
Name
Atomic Weight
HGas
HgLiquid
CSolid
Metals
Metalloids
NonMetals
Alkali metals
Alkali earth metals
Lanthanoids
Transition metals
Post-transition metals
Other nonmetals
Halogens
Nobel gas
Actinoids
2
He
Helium
4.003
2
3
Li
Lithium
6.941
4
Be
Beryllium
9.012
5
B
Boron
10.811
6
C
Carbon
12.011
7
N
Nitrogen
14.007
8
O
Oxygen
15.999
9
F
Fluorine
18.998
10
Ne
Neon
20.180
3
11
Na
Sodium
22.990
12
Mg
Magnesium
24.305
13
Al
Aluminium
26.982
14
Si
Silicon
28.085
15
P
Phosphorus
30.974
16
S
Sulfur
32.065
17
Cl
Chlorine
35.453
18
Ar
Argon
39.948
4
19
K
Potassium
39.098
20
Ca
Calcium
40.078
21
Sc
Scandium
44.956
22
Ti
Titanium
47.867
23
V
Vanadium
50.941
24
Cr
Chromium
51.996
25
Mn
Manganese
54.938
26
Fe
Iron
55.845
27
Co
Cobalt
58.933
28
Ni
Nickel
58.693
29
Cu
Copper
63.546
30
Zn
Zinc
65.409
31
Ga
Gallium
69.723
32
Ge
Germanium
72.640
33
As
Arsenic
74.922
34
Se
Selenium
78.960
35
Br
Bromine
79.904
36
Kr
Krypton
83.798
5
37
Rb
Rubidium
85.468
38
Sr
Strontium
87.620
39
Y
Yttrium
88.906
40
Zr
Zirconium
91.224
41
Nb
Niobium
92.906
42
Mo
Molybdenum
95.940
43
Tc
Technetium
98
44
Ru
Ruthenium
101.070
45
Rh
Rhodium
102.906
46
Pd
Palladium
106.420
47
Ag
Silver
107.868
48
Cd
Cadmium
112.411
49
In
Indium
114.818
50
Sn
Tin
118.710
51
Sb
Antimony
121.760
52
Te
Tellurium
127.600
53
I
Iodine
126.904
54
Xe
Xenon
131.293
6
55
Cs
Cesium
132.905
56
Ba
Barium
137.327
57 - 71
La - Lu
Lanthanides
72
Hf
Hafnium
178.490
73
Ta
Tantalum
180.948
74
W
Tungsten
183.840
75
Re
Rhenium
186.207
76
Os
Osmium
190.230
77
Ir
Iridium
192.217
78
Pt
Platinum
195.078
79
Au
Gold
196.967
80
Hg
Mercury
200.590
81
Tl
Thallium
204.383
82
Pb
Lead
207.200
83
Bi
Bismuth
208.980
84
Po
Polonium
209
85
At
Astatine
210
86
Rn
Radon
222
7
87
Fr
Francium
223
88
Ra
Radium
226
89 - 103
Ac - Lr
Actinides
104
Rf
Rutherfordium
261
105
Db
Dubnium
262
106
Sg
Seaborgium
266
107
Bh
Bohrium
264
108
Hs
Hassium
269
109
Mt
Meitnerium
268
110
Ds
Darmstadtium
281
111
Rg
Roentgenium
272
112
Cn
Copernicium
285
113
Nh
Nihonium
284
114
Fl
Flerovium
289
115
Mc
Moscovium
288
116
Lv
Livermorium
292
117
Ts
Tennessine
294
118
Og
Oganesson
294
Lanthanides
57
La
Lanthanum
138.905
58
Ce
Cerium
140.116
59
Pr
Praseodymium
140.908
60
Nd
Neodymium
144.240
61
Pm
Promethium
145
62
Sm
Samarium
150.360
63
Eu
Europium
151.964
64
Gd
Gadolinium
157.250
65
Tb
Terbium
158.925
66
Dy
Dysprosium
162.500
67
Ho
Holmium
164.930
68
Er
Erbium
167.259
69
Tm
Thulium
168.934
70
Yb
Ytterbium
173.040
71
Lu
Lutetium
174.967
Actinides
89
Ac
Actinium
227
90
Th
Thorium
232.038
91
Pa
Protactinium
231.036
92
U
Uranium
238.029
93
Np
Neptunium
237
94
Pu
Plutonium
244
95
Am
Americium
243
96
Cm
Curium
247
97
Bk
Berkelium
247
98
Cf
Californium
251
99
Es
Einsteinium
252
100
Fm
Fermium
257
101
Md
Mendelevium
258
102
No
Nobelium
259
103
Lr
Lawrencium
262

Facts

NameAluminiumSilicon
Atomic Number1314
Atomic SymbolAlSi
Atomic Weight26.981538 28.0855
Phase at STPSolid Solid
ColorSilver Gray
Metallic ClassificationPost Transition Metal Metalloid
Group in Periodic Tablegroup 13 group 14
Group Nameboron familycarbon family
Period in Periodic Tableperiod 3 period 3
Block in Periodic Tablep -blockp -block
Electronic Configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p1 [Ne] 3s2 3p2
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell)2, 8, 32, 8, 4
Melting Point933.47 K1687 K
Boiling Point2792 K3173 K
CAS NumberCAS7429-90-5 CAS7440-21-3
Neighborhood ElementsNeighborhood Elements of AluminiumNeighborhood Elements of Silicon

History

ParameterAluminiumSilicon
HistoryThe element Aluminium was discovered by H.C.Ørsted in year 1825 in Denmark. Aluminium derived its name from alumina, a compound (originally aluminum).The element Silicon was discovered by J. Berzelius in year 1823 in Sweden. Silicon derived its name from the Latin silex, 'flint' (originally silicium).
DiscoveryH.C.Ørsted (1825)J. Berzelius (1823)
IsolatedH.C.Ørsted (1825)J. Berzelius (1823)

Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)

PropertyAluminiumSilicon
Abundance in Universe50000 / 2000700000 / 30000
Abundance in Sun60000 / 3000900000 / 40000
Abundance in Meteorites9300000 / 6700000140000000 / 100000000
Abundance in Earth's Crust82000000 / 63000000270000000 / 200000000
Abundance in Oceans5 / 1.11000 / 220
Abundance in Humans900 / 210260000 / 58000

Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure

PropertyAluminiumSilicon
Atomic Volume9.99 cm3/mol12.054 cm3/mol
Atomic Radius118 pm111 pm
Covalent Radius118 pm111 pm
Van der Waals Radius184 pm210 pm

Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines

Emission SpectrumEmission Spectrum of Aluminium | SchoolMyKidsEmission Spectrum of Silicon | SchoolMyKids
Absorption SpectrumAbsorption Spectrum of Aluminium | SchoolMyKidsAbsorption Spectrum of Silicon | SchoolMyKids
Lattice Constant404.95, 404.95, 404.95 pm543.09, 543.09, 543.09 pm
Lattice Angleπ/2, π/2, π/2π/2, π/2, π/2
Space Group NameFm_ 3m Fd_ 3m
Space Group Number225 227
Crystal Structure

Face Centered Cubic

13 Al Aluminium - Crystal Structure | SchoolMyKids

Tetrahedral Packing

14 Si Silicon - Crystal Structure | SchoolMyKids

Atomic and Orbital Properties

PropertyAluminiumSilicon
Atomic Number1314
Number of Electrons (with no charge)1314
Number of Protons1314
Mass Number26.98153828.0855
Number of Neutrons1414
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)2, 8, 32, 8, 4
Electron Configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p1 [Ne] 3s2 3p2
Valence Electrons3s2 3p1 3s2 3p2
Oxidation State3-4, 4
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)2P1/2 3P0
Shell structure13 Al Aluminium Electron Shell Structure | SchoolMyKids14 Si Silicon Electron Shell Structure | SchoolMyKids

Isotopes and Nuclear Properties

Aluminium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Silicon has 3 stable naturally occuring isotopes.

ParameterAluminiumSilicon
Known Isotopes21Al, 22Al, 23Al, 24Al, 25Al, 26Al, 27Al, 28Al, 29Al, 30Al, 31Al, 32Al, 33Al, 34Al, 35Al, 36Al, 37Al, 38Al, 39Al, 40Al, 41Al, 42Al22Si, 23Si, 24Si, 25Si, 26Si, 27Si, 28Si, 29Si, 30Si, 31Si, 32Si, 33Si, 34Si, 35Si, 36Si, 37Si, 38Si, 39Si, 40Si, 41Si, 42Si, 43Si, 44Si
Stable IsotopesNaturally occurring stable isotopes:

27Al

Naturally occurring stable isotopes:

28Si, 29Si, 30Si

Neutron Cross Section 0.233 171
Neutron Mass Absorption 0.03 0.0002

Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity

PropertyAluminiumSilicon
Valence or Valency3 4
Electronegativity1.61 Pauling Scale1.9 Pauling Scale
Electron Affinity42.5 kJ/mol133.6 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies
1st: 577.5 kJ/mol
2nd: 1816.7 kJ/mol
3rd: 2744.8 kJ/mol
4th: 11577 kJ/mol
5th: 14842 kJ/mol
6th: 18379 kJ/mol
7th: 23326 kJ/mol
8th: 27465 kJ/mol
9th: 31853 kJ/mol
10th: 38473 kJ/mol
11th: 42647 kJ/mol
12th: 201266 kJ/mol
13th: 222316 kJ/mol
1st: 786.5 kJ/mol
2nd: 1577.1 kJ/mol
3rd: 3231.6 kJ/mol
4th: 4355.5 kJ/mol
5th: 16091 kJ/mol
6th: 19805 kJ/mol
7th: 23780 kJ/mol
8th: 29287 kJ/mol
9th: 33878 kJ/mol
10th: 38726 kJ/mol
11th: 45962 kJ/mol
12th: 50502 kJ/mol
13th: 235196 kJ/mol
14th: 257923 kJ/mol

Physical Properties

PropertyAluminiumSilicon
Density2.7 g/cm32.33 g/cm3
Molar Volume9.99 cm3/mol12.054 cm3/mol

Elastic Properties

Young Modulus70 47
Shear Modulus26 GPa-
Bulk Modulus76 GPa100 GPa
Poisson Ratio0.35 -

Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

Mohs Hardness2.75 MPa6.5 MPa
Vickers Hardness167 MPa-
Brinell Hardness245 MPa-

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity38000000 S/m1000 S/m
Resistivity 2.6e-8 m Ω0.001 m Ω
Superconducting Point1.175 -

Heat and Conduction Properties

Thermal Conductivity235 W/(m K)150 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion0.0000231 /K0.0000026 /K

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic TypeParamagnetic Diamagnetic
Curie Point- -
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility7.8e-9 m3/kg-1.6e-9 m3/kg
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility2.1e-10 m3/mol-4.49e-11 m3/mol
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility0.0000211 -0.00000373

Optical Properties

Refractive Index- -

Acoustic Properties

Speed of Sound5100 m/s2200 m/s

Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

PropertyAluminiumSilicon
Melting Point933.47 K1687 K
Boiling Point2792 K3173 K
Critical Temperature- -
Superconducting Point1.175 -

Enthalpies

Heat of Fusion10.7 kJ/mol50.2 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization293 kJ/mol359 kJ/mol
Heat of Combustion- -9055 J/(kg K)

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

ParameterAluminiumSilicon
CAS NumberCAS7429-90-5 CAS7440-21-3
RTECS NumberRTECSBD0330000 RTECSVW0400000
DOT Hazard Class4.3 4.1
DOT Numbers1396 1346
EU Number- -
NFPA Fire Rating1 0
NFPA Health Rating0 1
NFPA Reactivity Rating1 0
NFPA Hazards- -
AutoIgnition Point400 °C150 °C
Flashpoint645 °C-

Compare With Other Elements

Compare Aluminium and Silicon with other elements of the periodic table.

Compare Aluminium with all Group 13 elements

Compare Aluminium with all Period 3 elements

Compare Aluminium with all Post Transition Metal elements

Compare Silicon with all Group 14 elements

Compare Silicon with all Period 3 elements

Compare Silicon with all Metalloid elements